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The basic aim in the building of the new administration
is its constitution as a civil service. Political organization and activities
within state administration are forbidden. The institutions of state
administration in the field of defense and the police are headed by civilian
persons who prior to their election into those offices must have been civilians
for at least three years.
Experience has shown that the normative description of
institutions of the new system is a great deal easier than their detailing and
the practical realization of the functions of the rule of the law. It is
interesting that in those cases where the state has applied principles of the
rule of law, particularly in citizens' protests, this has been accompanied by
criticism of the presence of the authoritian syndrome. At the same time, those
principles have still not been applied in some vital fields, such as the
financial sphere, taxation and other areas where the law is not sufficiently
respected. The most important changes to be made, however, are those in the
mentality and attitude of subordination. In the past, state administration was
predominantly oriented towards implementing federal laws and regulations,
whereas now it has to act autonomous and creative authority.
State administration is organized in 15 ministries with
regional units in all the communities and other bodies of administration. A
fundamental reorganization and functional transformation is planned of state
administration into a modern and effective service. The computer network
installed a few years ago should provide new links and relations between the
bodies of state administration and rationalize its entire operation.
New and important state bodies and institutions have been
established and are working successfully. They include the Customs
Administration, the Civil Aviation Board, the Payment Operations Office, the
Public Revenues Administration and the Privatization Agency. There have been
significant steps taken in the restructuring of banking and the development of
underdeveloped areas.
A new law on the Government is in preparation, which is
expected to be a further improvement in the organization of administration, and
in the definition of relations, competencies and interdependence of the
Government, the Ministries and the units of local self-government. At the
present moment these units have no clear competencies, and in some important
areas, no competencies at all. The Local Self-Government Act is expected to
establish the concept of new relations and to increase the efficiency and
rationality of the operations of all the bodies of state administration and
units of local self-government. |
